Everyone is trying to do their part to reduce the drastic effects of global warming. The document discusses drought policy and governance, risk identification and early warning, awareness and knowledge management, and effective mitigation and preparedness measures. It is a challenge that requires effective water management planning and conservation to ensure the safety and wellbeing of. Drought leads to scarcity of foodgrains akal, water jalkal, fodder tinkal and often all of these trikal. Flood mitigation measures flooding can have a devastating impact on homes and communities. The american planning association, the national drought mitigation center and nidis collaborated on this report, which connects mitigation resources with the planning practices of local, regional, and state governments. Mitigation measure an overview sciencedirect topics. Mitigation strategies the most obvious mitigation strategy is to conserve the water supplies that already exist.
The unccd drought tool box offers a collection of mitigation strategies and technologies. Drought management guidelines sustainable development. Longterm and shortterm measures the primary concern of drought is water shortage, most of the planned activities aim at reducing the effect of such shortage, through measures that are taken before, during and after drought. How to reduce drought risk national drought mitigation. The impacts of drought are widespread and devastating to local and regional economies. Hydrological drought often leads to reduction of natural stream flows or ground water levels, plus stored water supplies. Impacts range from municipal water use restrictions, to stress on coldwater fish species, to loss of crops and agricultural. Land use solutions for drought and cascading impacts october 29, 2019. The use of the media to disseminate information can. Mitigation measures require financial investment by the utility.
Drought and drought mitigation in europe springerlink. Mitigation strategies and previous drought relief measures. Protecting your property and community from being flooded is a very sensible option, but many people do not know how to go about protecting their properties other. Drought is a climatic event that cannot be prevented, but interventions can be made to. Drought monitoring, planning, and mitigation university. Using community based strategies on drought mitigation in. Drought is defined as little precipitation over a large geographic area for a prolonged period of time. Drought mitigation california department of water resources. To improve the situation, federal, state, local, and tribal governments need to collaborate 1. Drought conditions and management strategies in zimbabwe s. Drought in the conterminous united states, june 26, 2007. Drought plan has been developed with the intention of providing a guideline to drought management, appropriate responses and communication actions for when drought occurs. This document is based on a desk study of drought planning and mitigation measures in zimbabwe.
Drought preparedness and drought mitigation in the. Drought adaptation and resilience in developing countries. Acceptance that drought is a normal and recurrent phenomenon. Contributing to the implementation of the hyogo framework for action published by the united nations secretariat of the international strategy for disaster reduction unisdr, geneva, switzerland, in partnership with. Actions and measures for mitigation drought and water scarcity in agriculture. Dealing with drought requires the development and implementation of preparedness and emergency measures.
We cant predict when droughts will occur, but we can prepare for them and be ready to take response actions as necessary to manage their impacts. Developing new or upgrading existing water delivery systems to eliminate breaks and leaks. Pdf this chapter is focused on drought mitigation practices. However, despite the increasing awareness of this hazard, there is no european drought policy and institutional frameworks to cope with drought situations are only. Drought is a recurring feature of californias climate making drought preparedness an ongoing activity. The primary authors and project managers were julie baxter and karen helbrecht from fema and stacy franklin robinson, sara reynolds, adam reeder, and hilary kendro from the strategic alliance for risk reduction starr. The researcher gave out 86 questionnaires but only 80 were returned and upon data cleaning they were used in data. The purpose of this project is to develop and apply appropriate planning and risk assessment methodologies at various level of government. Drought mitigation measures include a large number of actions, which can be grouped into three broad categories. It is a challenge that requires effective water management planning and conservation to ensure the safety and wellbeing of affected communities. Read about the year in drought, a new and enhanced drought impact reporting form, ndmcs participation in improving south american drought preparedness and more.
Download the slides pdf view the webinar recording you will be prompted to enter your name and email address on the page, then click register to view the free webinar recording in cooperation with the national drought mitigation center ndmc, the american planning association. National disaster mitigation plan drought and cold wave. The national guidelines for the management of drought have been formulated after a ninestep processtaking on board, through a process of wideconsultation, various central ministries departments, statesunion territories and other stakeholders, including scientific and technical. Strategic measures employed by the national drought. Drought mitigation measures are actions, programs, and strategies implemented during nondrought periods to address potential risks and effects and to reduce the need for response actions. Definition of drought a drought is a damage of a ground usually caused by dry weather. This guide provides practical solutions to help water and wastewater utilities mitigate the.
Drought mitigation measures lower platte south nrd. The objective of this study is to propose the mitigation effect of flood and drought in ayeyarwady basin. Designing water delivery systems to accommodate drought events. The manual for drought management has been developed by the national institute of disaster management nidm through a consultative process involving the concerned central ministries, state governments, scientific, technical and research organisations and the grass root level organisations working for mitigation and management of drought. To lessen societal vulnerability to drought by promoting planning and the adoption of appropriate risk management techniques. Definition of drought causes of drought mitigation effects of drought case study prevention conclusion 3. Such governmental monetary spending includes funds for emergency supplies, seed funds, and availing other relevant drought mitigation resources. Drought planning and drought mitigation measures in the. Drought emerges as a major environmental and socioeconomic problem with negative effects on the livelihood of populations in many developing countries. Drought mitigation planning in a multihazards context.
That is why there is an urgent need to improve the uniform national plans of drought and water scarcity mitigation including guidelines on how to prevent and counteract the effects of water scarcity in agriculture and to release recommendations stating the. Learn more about its creation, importance and evolution over the past 20 years. Response measures are an important part of drought preparedness but should only be one part of a more comprehensive mitigation strategy. This means droughts can have widespread impacts on ecosystems and water users that can last from part of a season to several years.
Pdf effectiveness of drought mitigation strategies in. Because severe drought is often slow in its development, it is relatively easy to tell when one is coming and in areas that are capable, there are several mitigation measures that can be used to reduce the impacts felt by drought. Drought impact mitigation and prevention in the limpopo. Drought drought is when a region receives belowaverage precipitation, resulting in prolonged shortages in its water supply, whether atmospheric, surface or ground water. Drought conditions and management strategies in zimbabwe. The drought management plans that do exist are often ineffective and tend to reinforce the status quo. Causes of drought droughts occur when there is no rainfall from a. Mitigation measures often refers to shortterm actions taken before, or during the drought period. Drought preparedness, mitigation and response integrated drought. Agriculture in zimbabwe contributes to 19% of the countrys gdp. This research represents about the mitigation measures of flood and drought for ayeyarwady basin. In europe, water shortage is an important problem in many regions. The institutional arrangements are reasonably well defined for the droughtrelief activities, but there is hardly any institutional mechanism for drought preparedness and mitigation to address the.
Besides drought proofing, these measures help in adapting to climate change, restoring ecological balance and bringing development benefits to the people. Mediterranean drought preparedness and mitigation planning. Actions and measures for mitigation drought and water scarcity in. Governments, on the other hand, have to allocate more money and spend even more for drought mitigation as they have to cushion the farmers and the entire society from the adverse impacts of the droughts.
Drought can provide a focal point for planning for adaptation to climate change in many inland areas, and climate change may well be a factor in some instances of drought. A comprehensive framework drought mitigation measures include a large number of actions, which can be. This form of drought occurs when moisture level in soil is insufficient to maintain average crop yields. All droughtrelevant sectors including agriculture, food security, the environment, meteorology, water, energy and tourism have to be included in the drought policy development process and preparedness plans. Additionally, the list below provides some examples of drought preparedness, response and recovery measures that could be. Drought is one of the major natural hazards, resulting in significant economic, social, and environmental costs. Incorporating drought tolerant or xeriscape practices into landscape.
Land management and drought mitigation drought is one of the major drivers of global food and water insecurity, affecting agricultural production and access to food and water. Approximately 80% of zimbabweans depend on this agriculture which is mostly rain fed for their livelihoods madzwamuse. Early warning systems are the foundation of effective drought mitigationpreparedness plans. Each category affects the physical, economic and societal impacts of drought in different ways. Drought planning and mitigation measures can help reduce the impacts and harships associated with this natural hazard. Our drought mitigation activities cover ongoing preparedness work and, when persistent dry conditions create impacts, drought response. Epa developed this guide to help drinking water utilities become more resilient to drought. Actions and measures for mitigation drought and water. Although, drought may happen virtually in all climatic zones, yet, its characteristics differ. Whenever a water shortage or drought threatens an area, water resource managers do all they can to convince water users to change wasteful habits and develop an attitude of appreciation for every drop of this precious resource.
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